WAEC 2021 CIVIC EDUCATION EXPO OBJ & THEORY EXPO/RUNZ QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
*WAEC 2021 WAEC CIVIC EDUCATION ANSWERS*
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*THEORY*
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(2a)
(I) Freedom from Discrimination: Everyone is
entitled to all the rights and freedoms without distinction of any kind, such as race.
colour, sex, language, religion etc.
(II) Freedom from Fear: Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal in the
determination of his rights and obligations and or any criminal charge against him.
(III) Freedom of Want: Everyone has the right
to own property alone as well as in association with others. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property. Men and women of full age, without any limitation due
to race, nationality or religion, have the right to marry and to form family.
(IV) Freedom of Religion and Conscience: Everyone has the right to freedom of
conscience and religion, this right include freedom to change his religion or beliefs
either alone or in community with others in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship and observance.
(V) Freedom of Assembly: Everyone has the freedom to take part in any gathering that one wishes.
(IV) Freedom of Association: Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association. No one may be compelled to
belong to an association. Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and favourable conditions of work and for protection against unemployment.
VII) Freedom of Thought, Belief, Opinion and
Expression: Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression, this includes freedom to hold opinion without interference and to seek, receive and impact
information and ideas through any media
and regardless of international boundaries.
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(4a)
A secret cult group is referred to as a dangerous and deadly group that share common ideologies, believe in secret, esoteric, mystic and engage in violent practices.
(4b)
(i)Public campaign against cultism: Different organizations, including the government, schools, religious institutions, and parents, should promote awareness against cultism. Seminars and workshops should be organized to discuss the dangers of cultism all over schools without leaving out the primary schools.
(ii)Government Standard: The government should also make laws to punish cultists for pushing away students and young people from joining these groups. The political leaders supporting them should also be put to judgment because they are damaging other children’s lives to make theirs better;
(iii) Discipline and Studying hard in school to achieve success: Students should be kept busy and engage in school via curricular and extra curricular activities. Because it is a known fact that an “idle mind is the devil’s workshop”. When students are engage with hard work, they will not have time to join cult.
(iv) Civic Education should be made compulsory in the primary and secondary schools in the country.
Parents should take time to understand their children, give enough time to listen to them at home and satisfy their emotional psychological and physical needs.
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(6a)
Youth Empowerment: A development programme aimed at creating opportunities that will encourage and develop the youths to be morally responsible, self-reliant and financially productive citizens.
(6b)
(i) Life Coping Skills: These are natural skills which every organism including man, acquires from birth to adapt fittingly in his or its environment. They are survival Instincts or skills.
(ii) Manipulative Skills: These skills are seen in skills acquisition centres as it involves economic activities that inculcate skills such as technical education.
(iii) Intellectual Skills: These skills are coordinates in character. It is the literary or theoretical frameworks that guide the practical aspects of the works, economic and scientific undertakings
(iv) Communicative Skills: Communication is a very important aspect of our life. Man evolved communications skills as a social being to enable him pass or send information from one person to the other or from place to place.
(v) Artistic Skills: These are close to communicative skills and are more complex. Includes they art of good writing, fine and applied arts, music and drama. These skills make effective use of all the other four kinds of skills where necessary.
(vi)Decision-making skills; These can be the difference in making a choice that improves your organization. The aptitude to make decisions is a leadership trait, which portrays your ability to think objectively and relates concepts to the goals you’re trying to reach.
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(7i)
Political Parties: these are organized groups of people who share common ideas with the sole aim of contesting elections to gain/assume political power in a democratic state.
(7ii)
Free and independent Press: this refers to a situation or condition in which media organizations are allowed to perform their functions of informing, educating, entertaining people and scrutinizing government activities without undue censorship for the purpose of good governance in a democracy.
(7iii)
Civil Societies organization: these are private non-profit organizations formed to promote collectively shared values, interests and objectives that are capable of enhancing the general welfare and development of democratic states.
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(8a)
Modern mode of popular participation is the mode of popular participation carried out through expressing of oneself through the mass media.
(8b)
[Pick Any SiX]
(i) Legitimacy of elected governments: If citizens actively participate in electoral process, society will have an elected legitimate government.
(ii) National development: There will be rapid socio-economic development if citizens participate in the electoral or political process.
(iii) Political stability: This ensures law and order for economic and political development in the society.
(iv) Responsible and responsive government: The society will elect or get a government that is receptive to the people’s concerns, needs and aspirations.
(v) Political awareness: When citizens participate in the electoral/political process, they will become politically conscious, enjoy their rights and perform corresponding duties and obligations to the society.
(vi) Credible elections: When citizens actively participate in the electoral or political process it will confer credibility on the process.
(vii) Peaceful order of succession: Peaceful transition is ensured from one regime to another.
(viii) Peace and harmony: When citizens actively participate in the political process they will enjoy peace and harmony without much agitation.
(ix) Accountability, transparency, due process and probity: Active participation of citizens in the political process ensures accountability, transparency, due process and probity in governance for the common good of the society.
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(9b)
(I) Poor remuneration: A hungry man is an angry man. The civil service are poorly remunerated which causes them to take bribe. The salary they receive is not even enough for them to pay their children’s school fees. They are not well motivated
(II) Absence of skilled manpower: Lack of skilled manpower in the civil service causes inefficiency in the civil service. Therefore, any organization that lacks adequate skilled personnel in their organization, will find it difficult carrying out their operations effectively and efficiently.
(III) Poor human resources management: Human resources management recruits and train workers to work in the organization. But when the organization cannot manage their workers, the workers tend to leave the organization. Poor management of workers causes death of an organization
(IV) Inadequate materials or insufficient materials: Lack of materials for work causes inefficiency in the operations of the civil service. Government failures to provide those necessary materials that can facilitate work in offices contribute to the cause of ineffectiveness in civil service.
(V) Corruption: Corruption has eaten deep into the bones of our civil service, it hard to find a civil servant without the intent to defraud. When corruption continues to thrive in the civil service, it affects the general operations of the civil service.
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